DATABASE//OPERATIONS-SECURITY//ROLE-BASED ACCESS CONTROL (RBAC) FOR DIGITAL ASSETS

Module Execution // OPERATIONS & SECURITY / ACCESS CONTROL

Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) for Digital Assets

REF_ID: LSSN_ROLE-BAS

LAST_AUDIT: January 6, 2026

EST_TIME: 12 Minutes

REFERENCE_NOTE

The Executive Verdict

How to set up user permissions for corporate crypto wallets? Corporate crypto security requires abandoning the "Superuser" model (where one person has full control) and implementing a strict Role-Based Access Control (RBAC) system using the "Maker/Checker" standard. A compliant wallet architecture divides users into four distinct tiers: • Administator: Configures policy but cannot move funds. • Initiator (Maker): Proposes transactions. Cannot sign. • Approver (Checker): Signs/Executes transactions (requires Quorum). • Auditor: View-Only access for reporting. The Goal: No single employee should ever have the ability to unilaterally move company assets.

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Introduction: The "God Mode" Liability

In retail wallets, the user is God. In corporate, this is a vulnerability. Security architecture is built on the "Principle of Least Privilege": You do not trust users; you trust Roles. Theft or error should require Collusion.

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1. The Hierarchy: Defining the Four Roles

ID_01Role 1: Admin (The Architect). CTO/CISO. Power: Config (Add users, set limits). Restriction: Cannot move funds.

ID_02Role 2: Initiator/Maker (The Operator). Ops Manager. Power: Data Entry (Enter amount, paste address). Restriction: Pending Approval queue.

ID_03Role 3: Approver/Checker (The Signer). CFO/CEO. Power: Execution (Verify and Sign). Restriction: Cannot initiate.

ID_04Role 4: Auditor (The Watcher). Accountants. Power: Oversight (View balances). Restriction: Read-only.

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2. The Workflow: The "Four Eyes" Principle

Preparation (Maker) -> Notification -> Verification (Checker 1) -> Execution (Checker 2) -> Settlement. At least two pairs of eyes must review every transaction.

VISUAL_RECON

A swimlane diagram showing the handoff between Maker, Checker 1, Checker 2, and the Blockchain.

Architectural Wireframe // CW-V-001

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3. The Policy Engine: Logic over Humans

RBAC is reinforced by Code Rules. Policy A: Velocity Limit (<$5k = 1 signer, >$5k = 2 signers). Policy B: Whitelist Lock (Makers can only send to verified vendors). Policy C: Time-Lock (24h delay for >$1M).

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4. Implementation: Safe vs. MPC

Stop Reading, Start Building

Theory is dangerous without execution.

The Secure Setup: Ledger + Gnosis Safe Tutorial. Watch the step-by-step video guide in the The Ops & Security Course ($49).

Safe is natively flat; RBAC requires governance modules (Zodiac) or frontends (Den/Coinshift). MPC (Fireblocks) has RBAC built into the core server (Shard B), making it impossible to bypass via frontend.

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5. The "Super-Admin" Risk

Who controls the Admin? The Admin Role should be a Quorum. Adding a new user should require CFO approval. No single dictator.

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6. Offboarding: The Kill Switch

In single-key, offboarding is a crisis (move funds). In RBAC, you simply Revoke the Role. HR notifies Admin -> Admin suspends User -> Auditor reviews logs.

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7. Audit & Compliance (SOC 2)

Auditors need the Access Control Matrix. They verify Segregation of Duties (Auditor != Approver) and Activity Logs. You cannot pass SOC 2 with a shared Ledger.

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Conclusion: Trust the Process, Not the Person

Enterprises run on controls. RBAC allows you to scale your team without scaling your risk. Theft should require collusion.

F.A.Q // Logical Clarification

Can a "Maker" also be a "Checker"?

"Software allows it, but it violates Segregation of Duties. Avoid unless team is tiny."

What if Approvers are on vacation?

"Use a Quorum (e.g., 2-of-4). Ensure redundancy in authorized signers."

Does RBAC work for NFTs?

"Yes. NFTs are assets. Policies can restrict listing prices."

Is RBAC on-chain?

"MPC: Off-Chain (Server). Safe: On-Chain (Thresholds), though complex roles are often interface-managed."

Official Training Material

Master The Process

You've read the theory. Now master the execution. Get the complete The Ops & Security Course tailored for this exact framework.

INCLUDES: VIDEO TUTORIALS • TEMPLATES • SOP CHECKLISTS

Module ActionsCW-MA-2026

Institutional Context

"This module has been cross-referenced with Operations & Security / Access Control standards for maximum operational reliability."

VECTOR: OPERATIONS-SECURITY

STATUS: DEPLOYED

REVISION: 1.0.4